Ducted vs. Split vs. Multi-Split: Understanding Different Air Conditioning Systems

Ducted air conditioning systems

A ducted system uses a network of ducts to deliver conditioned air to multiple rooms from one concealed indoor unit, usually in the ceiling or under the floor, and a single outdoor unit. With only small vents visible, the internal look is neat and unobtrusive. Zoning lets you control which rooms receive conditioned air, which can be more cost-effective than treating every room all the time. Installation is more involved than a split system and needs sufficient roof or under-floor space.

Split system air conditioners

One indoor unit, usually wall-mounted, connected to one outdoor unit by pipes and wiring. Split systems suit single-room use, install faster and more simply than ducted, and are generally the more budget-friendly option for a limited area.

Multi-split systems

Multiple indoor units connect to a single outdoor unit, letting you treat several rooms independently without a full ducted install. You can mix indoor unit styles (wall mounted, ceiling cassette or bulkhead) on the one outdoor unit, useful where outdoor wall space is limited. Running cost sits between split and ducted, and the flexibility comes with a higher initial price than a standard split system.

Choosing the right system

• Size of your home: a larger home or multiple rooms suits ducted or multi-split; a smaller flat or single room suits split.
• Installation requirements: ducted needs more space and a more involved install; split and multi-split are generally simpler.
• Aesthetics: ducted has the least visible hardware; split and multi-split units are usually wall-mounted and visible.
• Budget and running cost: ducted costs more upfront but can be efficient long-term with good zoning; split is cheaper upfront but less flexible for multiple rooms.